The answer is Executive Order 9981.
Executive Order 9981 was issued by President Harry S. Truman on July 26, 1948. This order mandated the desegregation of the armed forces, leading to racially integrated combat units in the American military. It established the President's Committee on Equality of Treatment and Opportunity in the Armed Services, which was tasked with ensuring the implementation of this policy.
Executive Order 9066, signed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on February 19, 1942, authorized the internment of Japanese Americans during World War II. This order did not pertain to the desegregation of the military.
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was landmark legislation that outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. While it was crucial for civil rights, it did not specifically address the desegregation of the military.
Brown v. Board of Education was a landmark Supreme Court case in 1954 that declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students to be unconstitutional. This case was significant for the civil rights movement but did not directly address military desegregation.
Therefore, the correct answer is Executive Order 9981, as it directly led to the integration of combat units in the American military.
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