Gender typing refers to the process by which children learn the behaviors, interests, and abilities that are culturally defined as appropriate for their gender. While the presence or absence of a father can influence a child's development, research does not consistently show a direct link between father presence and reduced gender typing in girls. Other factors, such as societal norms, parental attitudes, and peer influences, play significant roles in gender typing.
Option 2: Teen pregnancy
Research has consistently shown that girls with fathers present in their families are less likely to experience teen pregnancy. The presence of a father figure can contribute to a more stable family environment, provide emotional support, and serve as a role model, all of which can reduce the likelihood of risky behaviors that lead to teen pregnancy. Studies have indicated that father involvement is associated with better academic performance and higher self-esteem in girls, which can further decrease the risk of teen pregnancy.