Q1. Fairy tales often reflect the values and morals of the society from which they originate. They serve as a means of passing down cultural norms, ethics, and lessons to younger generations. For example, the fairy tale "Cinderella" highlights themes of kindness, humility, and the triumph of good over evil. In this story, Cinderella's gentle and forgiving nature is rewarded, while her stepsisters' cruelty and vanity lead to their downfall. This reflects a societal value that virtues such as kindness and humility are ultimately rewarded, while negative traits are punished. Such tales often serve as moral guides, teaching children the importance of good behavior and the consequences of bad actions.
Q2A. Beowulf is often considered a hero due to his extraordinary strength, bravery, and sense of duty. In the epic, Beowulf demonstrates his heroism by facing formidable foes like Grendel and the dragon, risking his life for the safety of others. His willingness to confront these dangers without hesitation exemplifies the heroic ideal of selflessness and courage. For instance, when Beowulf decides to fight Grendel without weapons, it showcases his confidence and valor, traits highly valued in warrior cultures. This aligns with the heroic code of the time, which emphasized honor, loyalty, and the protection of one's people. Beowulf's actions and character embody these values, solidifying his status as a hero in the narrative.
Q2B. Beowulf provides insight into early British society and its values, particularly those of the Anglo-Saxon period. The epic emphasizes the importance of strength, bravery, and loyalty, which were crucial traits for survival in a warrior-based society. The social structure depicted in Beowulf is hierarchical, with a strong emphasis on kinship and allegiance to one's lord. The mead hall, Heorot, serves as a central gathering place, symbolizing community and the sharing of wealth and stories. The poem also reflects the tension between pagan traditions and emerging Christian influences, as seen in the references to fate and divine intervention. These elements highlight a society in transition, valuing both the heroic code and the moral teachings of Christianity.