Questions: Which type of jurisdiction allows federal courts to hear cases involving parties from different states?

The answer is B: Diversity jurisdiction.

Explanation for each option:

A. Federal question jurisdiction: This type of jurisdiction allows federal courts to hear cases that involve questions or issues arising under the Constitution, federal laws, or treaties of the United States. It is not related to the diversity of the parties involved.

B. Diversity jurisdiction: This is the correct answer. Diversity jurisdiction allows federal courts to hear cases where the parties are from different states and the amount in controversy exceeds a specified threshold (currently $75,000). This type of jurisdiction is intended to provide a neutral forum for parties from different states.

C. Appellate jurisdiction: This refers to the power of a higher court to review and potentially modify the decision of a lower court. It does not pertain to the diversity of the parties involved in a case.

D. Original jurisdiction: This refers to the authority of a court to hear a case for the first time, as opposed to on appeal. While federal courts have original jurisdiction in certain cases, it is not specifically related to the diversity of the parties.