The $z$-score of the individual's height is 1.977. This means that 97.599% of the population is shorter than the individual, and 2.401% is taller.
To calculate the $z$-score, we use the formula $z = \frac{X - \mu}{\sigma}$, where $X$ is the individual's height, $\mu$ is the mean height of the population, and $\sigma$ is the standard deviation of the population's height.
Substituting the given values, we get $z = \frac{71 - 64.3}{2.56} = 2.617$.
A $z$-score of 2.617 indicates that the individual is taller than the average. The magnitude of the $z$-score reflects how far and in what direction individuals deviate from the mean.
Using the $z$-score, we find that 99.557% of the population is shorter than the given individual, and 0.443% is taller.
The $z$-score of the individual's height is 2.617. This means that 99.557% of the population is shorter than the individual, and 0.443% is taller.