The answer is B: Extreme realism.
Explanation for each option:
A. Soft romanticism - This is incorrect. Soft romanticism typically emphasizes emotion, individualism, and the glorification of nature, which contrasts with the objective and often deterministic approach of naturalism.
B. Extreme realism - This is correct. Naturalism is often considered an extension of realism, characterized by a more intense focus on the detailed depiction of everyday life and a deterministic view of human behavior influenced by environment and heredity.
C. Grotesque Gothicism - This is incorrect. Grotesque Gothicism involves elements of horror, death, and romance, often with a focus on the supernatural, which is not a characteristic of naturalism.
D. Transcendentalist Reactionism - This is incorrect. Transcendentalism is a philosophical movement that emphasizes the inherent goodness of people and nature, which is quite different from the often pessimistic and deterministic nature of naturalism. Reactionism in this context does not align with the principles of naturalism.