Questions: Question 18 (1 point) Unlike Freud, Erikson: a) only described development in childhood. b) emphasized family and culture in his stages. C) believed that adult problems reflect childhood conflicts. d) leaned toward the behaviorist perspective.

The answer is B: emphasized family and culture in his stages.

Explanation for each option:

a) Only described development in childhood: This is incorrect. Unlike Freud, who focused primarily on early childhood, Erikson's theory of psychosocial development spans the entire lifespan, from infancy to old age, with eight distinct stages.

b) Emphasized family and culture in his stages: This is correct. Erikson placed a significant emphasis on the role of social and cultural influences in development. He believed that these factors play a crucial role in shaping an individual's identity and experiences throughout their life.

c) Believed that adult problems reflect childhood conflicts: This is incorrect. While Erikson acknowledged the influence of early experiences, he did not focus solely on childhood conflicts as Freud did. Instead, he proposed that each stage of life presents its own unique challenges and opportunities for growth.

d) Leaned toward the behaviorist perspective: This is incorrect. Erikson's theory is not aligned with behaviorism. Instead, it is a psychosocial theory that integrates elements of psychoanalysis with a broader view of social and cultural influences on development.