The answer is change-related.
Change-related activities involve encouraging innovation, critical thinking, and the development of new methods. Arpina's actions, such as encouraging employees to think critically and develop new methods, align with change-related activities as she is fostering an environment that supports and rewards innovation and adaptation.
Culture-related activities focus on shaping the organizational culture, values, and norms. While Arpina's actions may indirectly influence the culture by promoting innovation, her primary focus is on encouraging change and new methods, which is more aligned with change-related activities.
Task-related activities are concerned with the specific tasks and processes employees need to complete. Arpina's focus is not on the specific tasks themselves but on how they can be improved or innovated, which is more aligned with change-related activities.
People-related activities involve managing and supporting employees' personal and professional development. While Arpina does recognize and reward employees, her primary focus is on encouraging innovation and change, which aligns more closely with change-related activities.