Questions: The distinction between an increase in output versus an increase in output per person can be made when discussing real GDP purchasing power parity modern economic growth nominal GDP

The answer is the third one: modern economic growth.

Explanation for each option:

1. Real GDP: Real GDP measures the total value of all goods and services produced in a country, adjusted for inflation. While it can indicate an increase in output, it does not specifically address output per person.

2. Purchasing Power Parity (PPP): PPP is a method used to compare the economic productivity and standards of living between countries. It focuses on the relative value of currencies and does not directly relate to output or output per person.

3. Modern Economic Growth: Modern economic growth refers to the sustained increase in a country's output and output per person over time. It is characterized by improvements in productivity, technology, and living standards, making it the most relevant option for distinguishing between an increase in total output and an increase in output per person.

4. Nominal GDP: Nominal GDP measures the total value of all goods and services produced in a country at current prices, without adjusting for inflation. Like real GDP, it indicates an increase in output but does not specifically address output per person.

In summary, modern economic growth is the concept that best captures the distinction between an increase in total output and an increase in output per person.