Questions: Which of the following is not one of the five steps to helping proposed by Latane and Darley (1970)? Interpret the event as an emergency. Invoke the norm of reciprocity. Take responsibility for providing help. Notice that something is happening.

The answer is: Invoke the norm of reciprocity.

Latane and Darley's (1970) model of helping behavior outlines five steps that individuals go through when deciding whether to help in an emergency situation. These steps are:

1. Notice that something is happening: The first step involves recognizing that there is an unusual situation occurring.
2. Interpret the event as an emergency: The second step requires the individual to understand that the situation is indeed an emergency that requires intervention.
3. Take responsibility for providing help: In the third step, the individual must decide that it is their personal responsibility to act.
4. Know how to help: The fourth step involves knowing what form of assistance is needed and how to provide it.
5. Implement the decision to help: The final step is actually taking action to provide the help.

"Invoke the norm of reciprocity" is not one of these steps. The norm of reciprocity refers to the social expectation that people will respond to each other in kind, returning benefits for benefits and responding with either indifference or hostility to harms. While this norm can influence helping behavior, it is not part of the specific five-step model proposed by Latane and Darley.