Questions: According to Durkheim, which of the following is NOT a social fact? (A) A religious belief (B) A law (C) A custom (D) All of the above are social facts

The answer is D: All of the above are social facts.

Explanation:

(A) A religious belief - According to Émile Durkheim, a religious belief is considered a social fact because it is a part of the collective consciousness that influences individual behavior and is external to the individual.

(B) A law - Laws are social facts as they are established rules that govern behavior in society. They exist independently of individual will and exert a coercive power over individuals.

(C) A custom - Customs are also social facts because they are established practices or norms that are widely accepted within a society. They influence individual behavior and are external to the individual.

Therefore, all of the options listed (A, B, and C) are considered social facts according to Durkheim's definition.