Questions: 27. Who is the primary author of the Virginia Declaration of Rights? a. Thomas Jefferson b. James Madison c. George Mason d. George Washington 28. All of the following are accurate statements about the Virginia Declaration of Rights EXCEPT a. It reflects Classical Republicanism b. It provides for free exercise of religion c. It served as a model for other states d. It stemmed from the Declaration of Independence e. It draws upon natural rights philosophy 29. The Petition of Right of 1628 guaranteed rights such as I. Habeas Corpus II. Free Speech III. Right to refuse the quartering of troops a. I only b. II only c. III only d. I and II only e. I and III only f. I, II, and III 30. Which of the following principles were expressed in the English Bill of Rights of 1689 and later influenced constitutional development in America? I. Rule of Law II. Representative Government III. Guarantees of Free Speech a. I only b. II only c. III only d. I and II only e. I and III only f. I, II, and III 31. Explain Aristotle's correct and corrupt forms of government (you can draw the chart)

27. The answer is C: George Mason.
    Explanation:

• a. Thomas Jefferson: Incorrect. While Jefferson was a prominent figure in American history, he was not the primary author of the Virginia Declaration of Rights.
• b. James Madison: Incorrect. Madison was influential in drafting the U.S. Constitution and the Bill of Rights but not the Virginia Declaration of Rights.
• c. George Mason: Correct. George Mason is recognized as the primary author of the Virginia Declaration of Rights, which was adopted in June 1776.
• d. George Washington: Incorrect. Washington was a key leader during the American Revolution and the first President of the United States, but he did not author the Virginia Declaration of Rights.

28. The answer is D: It stemmed from the Declaration of Independence.
    Explanation:

• a. It reflects Classical Republicanism: Correct. The Virginia Declaration of Rights emphasizes civic virtue and the common good, which are key elements of Classical Republicanism.
• b. It provides for free exercise of religion: Correct. The document includes provisions for religious freedom.
• c. It served as a model for other states: Correct. The Virginia Declaration of Rights influenced other state constitutions and the U.S. Bill of Rights.
• d. It stemmed from the Declaration of Independence: Incorrect. The Virginia Declaration of Rights was adopted in June 1776, before the Declaration of Independence, and did not stem from it.
• e. It draws upon natural rights philosophy: Correct. The document is based on the philosophy of natural rights, emphasizing individual liberties.

29. The answer is E: I and III only.
    Explanation:

• I. Habeas Corpus: Correct. The Petition of Right of 1628 included protections against unlawful imprisonment, which relates to Habeas Corpus.
• II. Free Speech: Incorrect. The Petition of Right did not specifically guarantee free speech.
• III. Right to refuse the quartering of troops: Correct. The Petition of Right addressed grievances related to the quartering of troops without consent.

30. The answer is D: I and II only.
    Explanation:

• I. Rule of Law: Correct. The English Bill of Rights emphasized the rule of law, ensuring that the monarchy could not rule arbitrarily.
• II. Representative Government: Correct. The document supported the idea of a government that represents the people, influencing the development of representative government in America.
• III. Guarantees of Free Speech: Incorrect. While the English Bill of Rights included some protections for speech, it did not guarantee free speech in the modern sense.

31. Aristotle's Correct and Corrupt Forms of Government:
    Aristotle categorized governments based on who rules and whether they rule for the common good or their own interests. Here is a simplified chart:

| Number of Rulers | Correct Form (Common Good) | Corrupt Form (Self-Interest) | |------------------|----------------------------|------------------------------| | One | Monarchy | Tyranny | | Few | Aristocracy | Oligarchy | | Many | Polity | Democracy (Mob Rule) |

Explanation:

• Monarchy is a government ruled by one person for the common good, while tyranny is when that ruler acts in self-interest.
• Aristocracy is rule by a few virtuous individuals, whereas oligarchy is when the few rule for their own benefit.
• Polity is a mixed government that combines elements of democracy and oligarchy, aiming for the common good, while democracy, in Aristotle's view, can devolve into mob rule when it serves only the interests of the majority at the expense of the minority.