Questions: The framework for the federal judiciary is: found in the Declaration of Independence. found in Article 3 of the U.S. Constitution. outlined in The Federalist Papers, issue V. based on common law.

The answer is: found in Article 3 of the U.S. Constitution.

Explanation for each option:

1. Found in the Declaration of Independence: This is incorrect. The Declaration of Independence, adopted on July 4, 1776, primarily outlines the colonies' reasons for seeking independence from Britain and does not establish any framework for the federal judiciary.

2. Found in Article 3 of the U.S. Constitution: This is correct. Article 3 of the U.S. Constitution establishes the judicial branch of the federal government. It outlines the powers of the federal judiciary, including the Supreme Court and other inferior courts that Congress may establish.

3. Outlined in The Federalist Papers, issue V: This is incorrect. While The Federalist Papers, a series of essays written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay, do discuss the judiciary, they do not serve as the official framework. Specifically, Federalist No. 78, written by Hamilton, discusses the judiciary in detail, but it is not the foundational document for the federal judiciary.

4. Based on common law: This is incorrect. While the U.S. legal system is influenced by common law traditions, the framework for the federal judiciary is specifically established in Article 3 of the U.S. Constitution. Common law refers to laws developed through court decisions and precedents rather than through legislative statutes or executive action.