Questions: - What institution did Andrew Jackson dismantle which contributed to the Panic of 1837? - Identify the social and political characteristics of the Antebellum (Pre-Civil War) South. - How did enslaved people resist slavery, both violently and in more subtle ways? - Identify the key aspects of the Underground Railroad. - Identify and explain reasons for the growing support of the Abolitionist Movement in the early to mid 1800s. - Identify William Loyld Garrison's efforts in the Abolitionist movement and the approach he advocated for (ex. How did he contrast with Federick Douglass?). - The Seneca Falls Convention of 1848 is considered the beginning of what important social and political movement?

• What institution did Andrew Jackson dismantle which contributed to the Panic of 1837?

Andrew Jackson dismantled the Second Bank of the United States. His actions against the bank, including vetoing its recharter and withdrawing federal funds, contributed to the Panic of 1837. Jackson believed the bank was too powerful and favored the wealthy elite at the expense of the common people. The removal of federal deposits and the subsequent placement of these funds in state banks, known as "pet banks," led to a lack of centralized control over the banking system. This contributed to speculative lending practices and ultimately to the financial instability that resulted in the Panic of 1837.

• Identify the social and political characteristics of the Antebellum (Pre-Civil War) South.

The Antebellum South was characterized by a predominantly agrarian economy heavily reliant on slavery. The social hierarchy was rigid, with a small elite class of wealthy plantation owners at the top, followed by small farmers, poor whites, and enslaved African Americans at the bottom. Politically, the South was dominated by pro-slavery interests, and states' rights were emphasized to protect the institution of slavery. The culture was deeply rooted in traditional values, with a strong emphasis on honor and family. The economy was largely dependent on the production of cash crops like cotton and tobacco, which were labor-intensive and required a large enslaved workforce.

• How did enslaved people resist slavery, both violently and in more subtle ways?

Enslaved people resisted slavery through both violent and non-violent means. Violent resistance included revolts and uprisings, such as Nat Turner's Rebellion in 1831, where enslaved people took up arms against their oppressors. Subtle forms of resistance were more common and included acts like work slowdowns, sabotage, feigning illness, and running away. Enslaved people also maintained their cultural practices, formed tight-knit communities, and used spirituals and other forms of expression to assert their humanity and resist dehumanization. These acts of resistance helped to undermine the institution of slavery and maintain a sense of identity and hope among enslaved people.