Questions: In ethical decision making, what element of the marketing mix is affected when a firm is deciding whether or not to outsource jobs to other members of the supply chain?

The answer is Place.

Planning is not a direct element of the marketing mix. The marketing mix traditionally includes Product, Price, Place, and Promotion. Planning is more of a strategic process that encompasses all elements of the marketing mix rather than being one itself.

Place refers to the distribution channels and locations where a product is made available to consumers. When a firm decides to outsource jobs to other members of the supply chain, it directly affects the "Place" element. This is because outsourcing can change the logistics, distribution channels, and overall supply chain management, impacting how and where the product is delivered to the market.

Promotion involves the activities that communicate the product's features and benefits and persuade customers to purchase it. While outsourcing might indirectly affect promotion strategies, it is not the primary element impacted by the decision to outsource jobs.

Product refers to the goods or services offered by a company. While outsourcing can affect the quality or features of a product, the decision to outsource is more directly related to the supply chain and distribution, which falls under "Place."

Price involves the cost consumers pay for a product. Although outsourcing can influence pricing strategies by potentially reducing costs, the primary element of the marketing mix affected by outsourcing decisions is "Place," as it directly involves the supply chain and distribution logistics.