Questions: A variable is: Select one: a. a statement of association. b. a factor that always remains constant. c. a fact given a definition in a research process. d. anything that can change. e. a testable statement about the relationship between two or more hypotheses.

The answer is D: anything that can change.

Explanation for each option:

a. A statement of association: This is incorrect. A statement of association typically refers to a hypothesis or a claim about the relationship between two or more variables, not a variable itself.

b. A factor that always remains constant: This is incorrect. A factor that remains constant is known as a constant, not a variable. Variables, by definition, are elements that can change or vary.

c. A fact given a definition in a research process: This is incorrect. While variables are defined in the research process, they are not facts. They are elements that researchers measure or manipulate to observe effects.

d. Anything that can change: This is correct. A variable is defined as any characteristic, number, or quantity that can be measured or quantified. Variables can change or vary, which is why they are central to research and experiments.

e. A testable statement about the relationship between two or more hypotheses: This is incorrect. A testable statement about relationships is typically a hypothesis, not a variable. Variables are the elements that are tested within hypotheses.