Questions: Table 1 shows that a larger number of men than women had not visited a dentist or dental hygienist for the past 2 years. Also, compared with people with no SDI, more people in the severe SDI category had not visited a dentist or dental hygienist for >2 years (table 3). A similar pattern was observed for people living alone, with low occupational status, inactive in the labour market or with low educational achievement compared with those cohabiting or with higher occupational status with high educational achievement. Multiple logistic regression models (table 3) show significantly increased odds for lack of access to dental care services in relation to SDI. Self-reported oral health Table 1 indicates that there were no sex-specific differences in self-rated oral health. However, middle-aged men were more likely to report poorer oral health than younger men. We found living alone, low education, low occupational status or being inactive in the labour market to be associated with poor oral health in both men and women. Unhealthy lifestyle factors were associated with poor oral health, particularly daily smoking. We found a dose-response association between increasing levels of SDI and poor oral health (table 4). After adjusting for age, men with mild SDI and those with severe SDI had 2.7 -fold (95% CI 2.5 to 3.0) and 6.8 -fold (95% CI 6.2 to 7.5) increased odds for self-rated poor health compared with those with no SDI, respectively. The corresponding odds among women were 2.3 (95% Cl 2.1 to 2.5) and 6.8 (95% Cl 6.3 to 7.5); (table 4).

Table 1 shows that a larger number of men than women had not visited a dentist or dental hygienist for the past 2 years. Also, compared with people with no SDI, more people in the severe SDI category had not visited a dentist or dental hygienist for >2 years (table 3). A similar pattern was observed for people living alone, with low occupational status, inactive in the labour market or with low educational achievement compared with those cohabiting or with higher occupational status with high educational achievement.

Multiple logistic regression models (table 3) show significantly increased odds for lack of access to dental care services in relation to SDI.

Self-reported oral health

Table 1 indicates that there were no sex-specific differences in self-rated oral health. However, middle-aged men were more likely to report poorer oral health than younger men. We found living alone, low education, low occupational status or being inactive in the labour market to be associated with poor oral health in both men and women. Unhealthy lifestyle factors were associated with poor oral health, particularly daily smoking.

We found a dose-response association between increasing levels of SDI and poor oral health (table 4). After adjusting for age, men with mild SDI and those with severe SDI had 2.7 -fold (95% CI 2.5 to 3.0) and 6.8 -fold (95% CI 6.2 to 7.5) increased odds for self-rated poor health compared with those with no SDI, respectively. The corresponding odds among women were 2.3 (95% Cl 2.1 to 2.5) and 6.8 (95% Cl 6.3 to 7.5); (table 4).
Transcript text: Table 1 shows that a larger number of men than women had not visited a dentist or dental hygienist for the past 2 years. Also, compared with people with no SDI, more people in the severe SDI category had not visited a dentist or dental hygienist for $>2$ years (table 3). A similar pattern was observed for people living alone, with low occupational status, inactive in the labour market or with low educational achievement compared with those cohabiting or with higher occupational status with high educational achievement. Multiple logistic regression models (table 3) show significantly increased odds for lack of access to dental care services in relation to SDI. Self-reported oral health Table 1 indicates that there were no sex-specific differences in self-rated oral health. However, middle-aged men were more likely to report poorer oral health than younger men. We found living alone, low education, low occupational status or being inactive in the labour market to be associated with poor oral health in both men and women. Unhealthy lifestyle factors were associated with poor oral health, particularly daily smoking. We found a dose-response association between increasing levels of SDI and poor oral health (table 4). After adjusting for age, men with mild SDI and those with severe SDI had 2.7 -fold ( $95 \% \mathrm{CI} 2.5$ to 3.0 ) and 6.8 -fold ( $95 \%$ CI 6.2 to 7.5 ) increased odds for self-rated poor health compared with those with no SDI, respectively. The corresponding odds among women were 2.3 ( $95 \% \mathrm{Cl} 2.1$ to 2.5 ) and 6.8 ( $95 \% \mathrm{Cl} 6.3$ to 7.5 ); (table 4).
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Solution

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Solution Steps

Step 1: Odds Ratios for Men with Mild and Severe SDI

For men, the odds ratio for self-rated poor oral health with mild socio-demographic index (SDI) is given by: \[ OR_{\text{men, mild}} = 2.7 \] The corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) is: \[ CI_{\text{men, mild}} = (2.5, 3.0) \]

Step 2: Odds Ratios for Men with Severe SDI

For men with severe SDI, the odds ratio is: \[ OR_{\text{men, severe}} = 6.8 \] The 95% confidence interval for this odds ratio is: \[ CI_{\text{men, severe}} = (6.2, 7.5) \]

Step 3: Odds Ratios for Women with Mild and Severe SDI

For women, the odds ratio for self-rated poor oral health with mild SDI is: \[ OR_{\text{women, mild}} = 2.3 \] The corresponding 95% confidence interval is: \[ CI_{\text{women, mild}} = (2.1, 2.5) \]

Step 4: Odds Ratios for Women with Severe SDI

For women with severe SDI, the odds ratio is: \[ OR_{\text{women, severe}} = 6.8 \] The 95% confidence interval for this odds ratio is: \[ CI_{\text{women, severe}} = (6.3, 7.5) \]

Final Answer

For men with mild SDI: \( \boxed{OR_{\text{men, mild}} = 2.7} \)
For men with severe SDI: \( \boxed{OR_{\text{men, severe}} = 6.8} \)
For women with mild SDI: \( \boxed{OR_{\text{women, mild}} = 2.3} \)
For women with severe SDI: \( \boxed{OR_{\text{women, severe}} = 6.8} \)

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