Questions: The elevated ridges of tissue on the surface of the cerebrum are known as while the shallow grooves are called gyri; sulci receptors; effectors tracts; ganglia sulci; gyri ganglia; gyri

The answer is the first one: gyri; sulci.

Explanation for each option:

1. Gyri; sulci: This is the correct answer. The elevated ridges of tissue on the surface of the cerebrum are called "gyri" (singular: gyrus), and the shallow grooves are called "sulci" (singular: sulcus).

2. Receptors; effectors: This is incorrect. Receptors are structures that receive stimuli, and effectors are organs or cells that act in response to stimuli. These terms are not related to the anatomy of the cerebrum's surface.

3. Tracts; ganglia: This is incorrect. Tracts are bundles of nerve fibers in the central nervous system, and ganglia are clusters of nerve cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system. These terms do not describe the surface features of the cerebrum.

4. Sulci; gyri: This is incorrect. This option reverses the correct terms. Sulci are the grooves, and gyri are the ridges.

5. Ganglia; gyri: This is incorrect. Ganglia are not related to the surface anatomy of the cerebrum. Gyri are the elevated ridges, but this option incorrectly pairs them with ganglia.

In summary, the elevated ridges are called "gyri," and the shallow grooves are called "sulci."