Questions: How does mining affect local populations? a. Mining is a vital part of the economy of surrounding towns. b. Mining introduces pollution into local water supplies. c. Mining disrupts local populations of flora and fauna. d. All of the above are true.

The answer is the fourth one (D): All of the above are true.

Explanation for each option: a. Mining is a vital part of the economy of surrounding towns.

• This is correct because mining often provides jobs and stimulates economic activity in nearby communities.

b. Mining introduces pollution into local water supplies.

• This is correct because mining activities can lead to the contamination of water sources with chemicals and heavy metals.

c. Mining disrupts local populations of flora and fauna.

• This is correct because mining operations can destroy habitats and displace or harm local wildlife and plant species.

Since all the individual statements (a, b, and c) are true, the best answer is (D): All of the above are true.