Questions: QUESTION 34 "Vice" laws in the late nineteenth century resulted in a notable decrease in public disorder in American cities. significant payoffs to officers who protected illegal activities. a popular outcry against police enforcement of the laws. a population move out of the cities to less well-enforced areas.

The answer is B: significant payoffs to officers who protected illegal activities.

Explanation for each option:

A. A notable decrease in public disorder in American cities: This option is incorrect. While vice laws were intended to reduce public disorder by targeting activities such as gambling, prostitution, and alcohol consumption, they often did not lead to a significant decrease in such activities. Instead, these activities frequently went underground, continuing to thrive despite the laws.

B. Significant payoffs to officers who protected illegal activities: This option is correct. The enforcement of vice laws in the late nineteenth century often led to corruption within police forces. Officers were known to accept bribes or payoffs to ignore illegal activities, allowing them to continue operating. This corruption was a well-documented issue during this period.

C. A popular outcry against police enforcement of the laws: This option is incorrect. While there may have been some public dissatisfaction with the enforcement of vice laws, it was not characterized by a widespread popular outcry. Instead, the focus was often on the corruption and inefficacy of the enforcement rather than the laws themselves.

D. A population move out of the cities to less well-enforced areas: This option is incorrect. There is no significant historical evidence to suggest that vice laws prompted a mass movement of populations out of cities to areas with less enforcement. Urbanization continued to grow during this period, driven by industrialization and economic opportunities in cities.