Questions: Which is the best way to assess scientific inquiry? Select one: - Use only observation and questioning to measure how well students have understood the material on scientific inquiry. - Use observation and questioning during lessons (informal) to monitor student progress, then use the information you gained to troubleshoot problems and follow up with a standardized assessment (formal) to measure learning. - Give a test at the end of the unit to collect data on your students' concept mastery. - Give a number of small, formal tests throughout the unit.

The answer is the second one: Use observation and questioning during lessons (informal) to monitor student progress, then use the information you gained to troubleshoot problems and follow up with a standardized assessment (formal) to measure learning.

Explanation for each option:

• Use only observation and questioning to measure how well students have understood the material on scientific inquiry.
  This option is incorrect because relying solely on observation and questioning may not provide a comprehensive assessment of students' understanding. While these methods are valuable for ongoing feedback, they may not capture all aspects of students' learning.

• Use observation and questioning during lessons (informal) to monitor student progress, then use the information you gained to troubleshoot problems and follow up with a standardized assessment (formal) to measure learning.
  This option is correct because it combines both informal and formal assessment methods. Informal assessments like observation and questioning help monitor progress and identify issues, while formal assessments provide a structured way to evaluate overall understanding.

• Give a test at the end of the unit to collect data on your students' concept mastery.
  This option is less effective because it relies solely on a summative assessment at the end of the unit. While it can measure concept mastery, it doesn't provide ongoing feedback or opportunities to address misunderstandings during the learning process.

• Give a number of small, formal tests throughout the unit.
  This option is not ideal because frequent formal testing can be stressful for students and may not provide the flexibility needed to address learning issues as they arise. It also may not capture the depth of understanding that informal assessments can provide.

In summary, the best approach is to use a combination of informal and formal assessments to effectively monitor and measure students' understanding of scientific inquiry.