Questions: How do cells avoid surface area limitations? a. all of the choices b. flattened shape c. transportation system that circulates materials inside the cell d. many microscopic extensions e. long and thin shape

The answer is the first one (or A): all of the choices.

Explanation for each option:

b. Flattened shape: Cells can adopt a flattened shape to increase their surface area relative to their volume, which helps in the efficient exchange of materials with their environment.

c. Transportation system that circulates materials inside the cell: Cells have developed internal transportation systems, such as the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus, to move materials efficiently within the cell, mitigating the limitations imposed by surface area.

d. Many microscopic extensions: Cells can have microscopic extensions like microvilli, which increase the surface area available for absorption and exchange of materials.

e. Long and thin shape: A long and thin shape increases the surface area relative to the volume, facilitating better exchange of materials with the environment.

Since all these strategies help cells avoid surface area limitations, the correct answer is A: all of the choices.