Biology

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The author is a biologist and college professor. He is considered one of the world's experts on snakes. from Tracks and Shadows 1 Rainforests are dimly lit and exceptionally diverse-claustrophobically dark and fecund -so no wonder tropical biologists end up puzzling over existential questions. At La Selva Biological Station in Costa Rica, giant trees with buttressed trunks tower overhead, obscuring the sky, and every glimpse holds the vibrant greens and somber browns of plants and their decaying remnants. After a torrential shower the air reverberates with the buzzes, whines, and clicks of insects, Mantled howler monkeys sound off in the distance. All around us leaf litter reeks from the chemical adventures of microbes, and over the course of hours my puny primate nose wrinkles toward some collared peccaries, then heaps of rotting fruit and a pile of cat droppings. Rounding a trail curve I'm baffled by a shimmering lavender stripe, dozens of yards long and a half-inch tall; then I drop to my knees and contemplate thousands of leaf-cutter ants, each carrying a single delicate flower petal. And from time to time, slogging along the muddy paths, I imagine being overgrown by mosses and fungi, or devoured by spike-headed katydids the size of small mice. 2 Setting aside matters of life and death for the moment, what do ecologists mean by "exceptionally diverse," and why might anyone care? A comparison among some familiar places illustrates how numbers of species increase toward the Equator, culminating in unparalleled tropical richness. California rainforests create variety in plant and animal species. 5. La Selva Biological Station is an exceptional location for studying plant and animal species in rainforests. Part B How does the author mainly develop the correct central ideas from Part A? 1. The author lists the geological and climate characteristics of rainforests worldwide. 2. The author compares personal experiences in rainforests to scientific investigations. 3. The author describes the diversity of species in rainforests and explains the causes of diversity. 4. The author argues there are few ways to appreciate rainforests and gives examples of those ways.