Questions: Question 27 When are humans first inoculated with their normal flora? A) when they begin interacting with other children (B) during and shortly after birth (C) playing in the dirt (D) in the womb (E) during feeding/nursing

The answer is (B): during and shortly after birth.

Explanation for each option:

A) When they begin interacting with other children: This is incorrect because by the time children interact with others, they have already been exposed to and colonized by their normal flora.

B) During and shortly after birth: This is correct. Humans are first inoculated with their normal flora during the birthing process as they pass through the birth canal and immediately after birth through contact with the environment and caregivers.

C) Playing in the dirt: This is incorrect because exposure to normal flora occurs much earlier than when a child starts playing in the dirt.

D) In the womb: This is incorrect because the womb is a sterile environment, and the fetus is not exposed to normal flora until birth.

E) During feeding/nursing: While feeding and nursing contribute to the development of normal flora, the initial inoculation occurs during and shortly after birth.

In summary, humans are first inoculated with their normal flora during and shortly after birth.