Questions: The European species likely interbred with Homo sapiens before disappearing about 34,000 years ago. H. heidelbergensis H. rudolfensis H. neanderthalensis H. ergaster

The answer is the third one (C): H. neanderthalensis.

Explanation for each option:

A. H. heidelbergensis - This species is considered a common ancestor of both Neanderthals and modern humans, but it is not the species that interbred with Homo sapiens shortly before disappearing.

B. H. rudolfensis - This species is an early hominin that lived much earlier than the time frame in question and is not known to have interbred with Homo sapiens.

C. H. neanderthalensis - Neanderthals are known to have interbred with Homo sapiens, and genetic evidence supports that this interbreeding occurred before Neanderthals disappeared around 34,000 years ago.

D. H. ergaster - This species is an early African hominin and is not known to have interbred with Homo sapiens.

In summary, the European species that likely interbred with Homo sapiens before disappearing about 34,000 years ago is H. neanderthalensis.