Questions: Label each of the following reactions as acid-base, precipitation, or redox Cu(NO3)2(aq) + 2 NaOH(aq) → Cu(OH)2(s) + 2 NaNO3(aq) HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) 2 HCl(aq) + Mg(s) → H2(g) + MgCl2(aq) Na2CO3(s) + 2 HNO3(aq) → 2 NaNO3(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g) MgBr2(aq) + KOH(aq) → Mg(OH)2(s) + 2 KBr(aq)

Label each of the following reactions as acid-base, precipitation, or redox Cu(NO3)2(aq) + 2 NaOH(aq) → Cu(OH)2(s) + 2 NaNO3(aq) HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) 2 HCl(aq) + Mg(s) → H2(g) + MgCl2(aq) Na2CO3(s) + 2 HNO3(aq) → 2 NaNO3(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g) MgBr2(aq) + KOH(aq) → Mg(OH)2(s) + 2 KBr(aq)
Transcript text: Label each of the following reactions as acid-base, precipitation, or redox \[ \begin{array}{l} \mathrm{Cu}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}(\mathrm{aq})+2 \mathrm{NaOH}(\mathrm{aq}) \rightarrow \mathrm{Cu}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}(\mathrm{~s})+2 \mathrm{NaNO}_{3}(\mathrm{aq}) \\ \mathrm{HCl}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{NaOH}(\mathrm{aq}) \rightarrow \mathrm{NaCl}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{l}) \end{array} \] \[ \begin{array}{l} 2 \mathrm{HCl}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{Mg}(\mathrm{~s}) \rightarrow \mathrm{H}_{2}(\mathrm{~g})+\mathrm{MgCl}_{2}(\mathrm{aq}) \\ \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}(\mathrm{~s})+2 \mathrm{HNO}_{3}(\mathrm{aq}) \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{NaNO}_{3}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{l})+\mathrm{CO}_{2}(\mathrm{~g}) \end{array} \] \[ \operatorname{MgBr}_{2}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{KOH}(\mathrm{aq}) \rightarrow \mathrm{Mg}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}(\mathrm{~s})+2 \mathrm{KBr}(\mathrm{aq}) \]
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Solution

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Solution Steps

Step 1: Identify the Type of Reaction for Each Equation

  1. Reaction 1: \[ \mathrm{Cu}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}(\mathrm{aq})+2 \mathrm{NaOH}(\mathrm{aq}) \rightarrow \mathrm{Cu}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}(\mathrm{~s})+2 \mathrm{NaNO}_{3}(\mathrm{aq}) \] This reaction involves the formation of a solid, \(\mathrm{Cu}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}\), from aqueous solutions. This is a characteristic of a precipitation reaction.

  2. Reaction 2: \[ \mathrm{HCl}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{NaOH}(\mathrm{aq}) \rightarrow \mathrm{NaCl}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{l}) \] This reaction involves an acid (\(\mathrm{HCl}\)) reacting with a base (\(\mathrm{NaOH}\)) to form water and a salt. This is an acid-base reaction.

  3. Reaction 3: \[ 2 \mathrm{HCl}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{Mg}(\mathrm{~s}) \rightarrow \mathrm{H}_{2}(\mathrm{~g})+\mathrm{MgCl}_{2}(\mathrm{aq}) \] In this reaction, magnesium (\(\mathrm{Mg}\)) is oxidized to \(\mathrm{Mg}^{2+}\) and \(\mathrm{H}^{+}\) is reduced to \(\mathrm{H}_{2}\). This is a redox reaction.

Final Answer

  1. \(\mathrm{Cu}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}(\mathrm{aq})+2 \mathrm{NaOH}(\mathrm{aq}) \rightarrow \mathrm{Cu}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}(\mathrm{~s})+2 \mathrm{NaNO}_{3}(\mathrm{aq})\) is a \(\boxed{\text{precipitation reaction}}\).

  2. \(\mathrm{HCl}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{NaOH}(\mathrm{aq}) \rightarrow \mathrm{NaCl}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{l})\) is an \(\boxed{\text{acid-base reaction}}\).

  3. \(2 \mathrm{HCl}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{Mg}(\mathrm{~s}) \rightarrow \mathrm{H}_{2}(\mathrm{~g})+\mathrm{MgCl}_{2}(\mathrm{aq})\) is a \(\boxed{\text{redox reaction}}\).

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