Questions: In a large city school system with 29 elementary schools, the school board is considering the adoption of a new policy that would require elementary students to pass a test in order to be promoted to the next grade. The PTA wants to find out whether parents agree with this plan. Listed below are some of the ideas proposed for gathering data. For each, indicate what kind of sampling strategy is involved and what (if any) biases might result. Assume the schools are homogeneous and differ from each other. b) Ask the parents for their opinions when they visit the PTA booth during parent/teacher conferences. Which kind of sampling strategy is involved? A. This sampling strategy is a voluntary response sample. B. This sampling strategy is cluster sampling. C. This sampling strategy is an attempt at a census. D. This sampling strategy is convenience sampling. What kind of bias (if any) is most likely to result? A. Nonresponse bias could result since not all parents will respond. B. Voluntary response bias will result since only parents who feel strongly about the issue will respond. C. Response bias could result since the PTA wants parents to agree to this plan. D. Undercoverage bias could result since only parents involved with the PTA will be sampled.

In a large city school system with 29 elementary schools, the school board is considering the adoption of a new policy that would require elementary students to pass a test in order to be promoted to the next grade. The PTA wants to find out whether parents agree with this plan. Listed below are some of the ideas proposed for gathering data. For each, indicate what kind of sampling strategy is involved and what (if any) biases might result. Assume the schools are homogeneous and differ from each other. b) Ask the parents for their opinions when they visit the PTA booth during parent/teacher conferences. Which kind of sampling strategy is involved? A. This sampling strategy is a voluntary response sample. B. This sampling strategy is cluster sampling. C. This sampling strategy is an attempt at a census. D. This sampling strategy is convenience sampling. What kind of bias (if any) is most likely to result? A. Nonresponse bias could result since not all parents will respond. B. Voluntary response bias will result since only parents who feel strongly about the issue will respond. C. Response bias could result since the PTA wants parents to agree to this plan. D. Undercoverage bias could result since only parents involved with the PTA will be sampled.
Transcript text: In a large city school system with 29 elementary schools, the school board is considering the adoption of a new policy that would require elementary students to pass a test in order to be promoted to the next grade. The PTA wants to find out whether parents agree with this plan. Listed below are some of the ideas proposed for gathering data. For each, indicate what kind of sampling strategy is involved and what (if any) biases might result. Assume the schools are homogeneous and differ from each other. b) Ask the parents for their opinions when they visit the PTA booth during parent/teacher conferences. Which kind of sampling strategy is involved? A. This sampling strategy is a voluntary response sample. B. This sampling strategy is cluster sampling. C. This sampling strategy is an attempt at a census. D. This sampling strategy is convenience sampling. What kind of bias (if any) is most likely to result? A. Nonresponse bias could result since not all parents will respond. B. Voluntary response bias will result since only parents who feel strongly about the issue will respond. C. Response bias could result since the PTA wants parents to agree to this plan. D. Undercoverage bias could result since only parents involved with the PTA will be sampled.
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Solution

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Solution Steps

To determine the sampling strategy and potential biases, we need to analyze the method of data collection described. The method involves asking parents for their opinions when they visit the PTA booth during parent/teacher conferences. This approach is likely to attract parents who are already engaged and interested in school activities, which can introduce certain biases.

Solution Approach
  1. Sampling Strategy: The method described is a voluntary response sample because it relies on parents choosing to visit the PTA booth and provide their opinions.
  2. Bias: The most likely bias is voluntary response bias, as only parents who feel strongly about the issue are likely to respond.
Step 1: Identify the Sampling Strategy

The method of asking parents for their opinions when they visit the PTA booth during parent/teacher conferences is classified as a voluntary response sample. This is because participation is based on the parents' choice to engage with the PTA, rather than a random selection of parents.

Step 2: Determine the Bias

The most likely bias resulting from this sampling strategy is voluntary response bias. This occurs because only those parents who feel strongly about the issue are inclined to respond, potentially skewing the results.

Final Answer

The sampling strategy is \( A. \) This sampling strategy is a voluntary response sample. The bias is \( B. \) Voluntary response bias will result since only parents who feel strongly about the issue will respond.

Thus, the final answers are: \[ \boxed{\text{Sampling Strategy: A}} \] \[ \boxed{\text{Bias: B}} \]

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