The answer is Communication.
The term "bully pulpit" was coined by President Theodore Roosevelt to describe the presidency as a powerful platform to advocate an agenda and communicate directly with the public. Roosevelt believed that the president could use this position to influence public opinion and promote legislative initiatives. This aligns with the idea of using the presidency as a means of effective communication.
While Roosevelt was known for his imperialist policies, such as the construction of the Panama Canal and the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine, these actions were not the central purpose of the bully pulpit. The bully pulpit was more about domestic communication and influence rather than foreign policy.
Enforcement of laws and regulations was part of Roosevelt's administration, particularly with his trust-busting activities. However, enforcement is not directly related to the concept of the bully pulpit, which is more about persuasion and communication.
Roosevelt's administration did see various innovations, particularly in conservation and regulatory policies. However, innovation is not the primary purpose of the bully pulpit, which is focused on using the presidency as a platform for communication.
The answer is the Industrial Revolution.
The rise of progressivism in the United States was significantly influenced by the Industrial Revolution. This period, which began in the late 18th century and continued into the 19th century, brought about rapid industrialization and urbanization. These changes led to various social and economic issues, such as poor working conditions, child labor, and economic inequality, which progressivism sought to address. Progressives aimed to reform these issues through government intervention, regulation, and social justice initiatives.