The correct answers are:
- labor strikes
- labor unions
- long shifts and low pay
Labor strikes were a significant characteristic of the Gilded Age. This period, roughly from the 1870s to about 1900, was marked by rapid industrialization, which often led to poor working conditions. Workers frequently went on strike to demand better wages and working conditions, with notable examples including the Great Railroad Strike of 1877 and the Pullman Strike of 1894.
Equality for women was not a characteristic of the Gilded Age. While there were movements advocating for women's rights, such as the suffrage movement, women did not achieve significant equality during this period. The struggle for women's rights continued well into the 20th century.
While there were efforts to address civil rights during the Gilded Age, it was not a defining characteristic of the period. The era was marked by significant racial discrimination and segregation, particularly in the Southern United States, following the end of Reconstruction.
Labor unions were indeed a characteristic of the Gilded Age. As industrialization progressed, workers began to organize into unions to collectively bargain for better wages, hours, and working conditions. The American Federation of Labor (AFL), founded in 1886, is an example of a prominent labor union from this era.
Long shifts and low pay were common during the Gilded Age. The rapid industrial growth led to a demand for labor, but workers often faced exploitative conditions, including long hours and minimal wages, which contributed to the rise of labor strikes and unions.