To solve these inequalities and equations, we will isolate the variable \( x \) on one side of each equation or inequality. This involves using basic algebraic operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
For the inequality \( 5x - 14 < 8x + 4 \), we will move all terms involving \( x \) to one side and constant terms to the other side, then solve for \( x \).
For the equation \( 5x + 34 = -2 + 14x \), we will similarly move all terms involving \( x \) to one side and constant terms to the other side, then solve for \( x \).
For the inequality \( 5 - 7x \leq 3x + 45 \), we will again move all terms involving \( x \) to one side and constant terms to the other side, then solve for \( x \).
To solve the inequality, we rearrange it as follows:
\[
5x - 14 < 8x + 4 \implies -14 - 4 < 8x - 5x \implies -18 < 3x \implies x > -6
\]
Thus, the solution to the inequality is:
\[
x > -6 \quad \text{or} \quad (-6 < x < \infty)
\]