Questions: Which client has the highest risk of contracting an opportunistic infection? client who has had HIV for 30 years and has a CD4+ count of 1000 cells / mm^3 (1 x 10^9 / l) client who has had HIV for 3 years and has a CD4+ count of 50 cells / mm^3 (0.05 x 10^9 / l) client who has had HIV for 10 years and has a platelet count of 0.20 x 10^3 / mcl (0.20 x 10^9 / l) client who recently contracted HIV with a viral load of 1 million cell/ / mm^3 (1000 x 10^9 / l)

Which client has the highest risk of contracting an opportunistic infection?
client who has had HIV for 30 years and has a CD4+ count of 1000 cells / mm^3 (1 x 10^9 / l)
client who has had HIV for 3 years and has a CD4+ count of 50 cells / mm^3 (0.05 x 10^9 / l)
client who has had HIV for 10 years and has a platelet count of 0.20 x 10^3 / mcl (0.20 x 10^9 / l)
client who recently contracted HIV with a viral load of 1 million cell/ / mm^3 (1000 x 10^9 / l)

Transcript text: Which client has the highest risk of contracting an opportunistic infection? client who has had HIV for 30 years and has a CD4+ count of 1000 cells $/ \mathrm{mm}^{3}\left(1 \times 10^{9} / \mathrm{l}\right)$ client who has had HIV for 3 years and has a CD4+ count of 50 cells $/ \mathrm{mm}^{3}\left(0.05 \times 10^{9} / \mathrm{l}\right)$ client who has had HIV for 10 years and has a platelet count of $0.20 \times 10^{3} / \mathrm{mcl}\left(0.20 \times 10^{9} / \mathrm{I}\right)$ client who recently contracted HIV with a viral load of 1 million cell/ $/ \mathrm{mm}^{3}\left(1000 \times 10^{9} / \mathrm{l}\right)$

Solution

The answer is the second one: the client who has had HIV for 3 years and has a CD4+ count of 50 cells/mm³ (0.05 × 10⁹/L).

Explanation for each option:

Client who has had HIV for 30 years and has a CD4+ count of 1000 cells/mm³ (1 × 10⁹/L): This client has a relatively high CD4+ count, which indicates a strong immune system. A CD4+ count of 1000 cells/mm³ is within the normal range, suggesting that this client is at a lower risk for opportunistic infections.
Client who has had HIV for 3 years and has a CD4+ count of 50 cells/mm³ (0.05 × 10⁹/L): This client has a very low CD4+ count, which is a critical indicator of immune system suppression. A CD4+ count below 200 cells/mm³ significantly increases the risk of opportunistic infections, and a count of 50 cells/mm³ is extremely low, placing this client at the highest risk among the options provided.
Client who has had HIV for 10 years and has a platelet count of 0.20 × 10³/mcl (0.20 × 10⁹/L): While a low platelet count can indicate other health issues, it is not directly related to the risk of opportunistic infections. The CD4+ count is a more relevant measure for assessing the risk of such infections in HIV patients.
Client who recently contracted HIV with a viral load of 1 million cells/mm³ (1000 × 10⁹/L): A high viral load indicates active viral replication, but without information on the CD4+ count, it is difficult to assess the immediate risk of opportunistic infections. The CD4+ count is a more direct measure of immune function.

In summary, the client with the lowest CD4+ count (50 cells/mm³) is at the highest risk for opportunistic infections.

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