Questions: John Watson is known for the Little Albert experiments in which a phobia was created in a child by banging loud objects behind the child when he interacted with a variety of white, fluffy animals. The results of these experiments influenced which area of psychology? a.) Structuralism b.) Cognitivism c.) Behaviorism d.) Functionalism

The answer is c.) Behaviorism.

Explanation for each option:

a.) Structuralism: This area of psychology focuses on breaking down mental processes into their most basic components. It is not related to John Watson's experiments, which were more about observable behavior rather than internal mental states.

b.) Cognitivism: This area of psychology is concerned with understanding mental processes such as perception, memory, and problem-solving. Watson's experiments did not focus on these cognitive processes but rather on observable behavior.

c.) Behaviorism: This is the correct answer. Behaviorism is a theory of learning based on the idea that all behaviors are acquired through conditioning. John Watson is considered one of the founders of behaviorism, and his Little Albert experiments demonstrated how emotional responses could be conditioned in humans.

d.) Functionalism: This area of psychology focuses on the purpose of consciousness and behavior. It is more concerned with how mental processes help individuals adapt to their environments, rather than the conditioning of behavior as demonstrated by Watson.

In summary, John Watson's Little Albert experiments are most closely associated with behaviorism, as they demonstrated how behaviors could be conditioned through environmental stimuli.