The answer is the first one (A): Calciusterts.
Explanation for each option:
A. Calciusterts - This is the correct answer. Calciusterts are a subgroup of Vertisols, which are known for their high clay content. These soils typically exhibit significant shrink-swell behavior, leading to wide surface cracks during dry periods.
B. Albaqualfs - These are a type of Alfisols, which generally do not have the high clay content necessary for the formation of wide surface cracks. They are more associated with well-drained conditions and do not exhibit the same shrink-swell characteristics as Vertisols.
C. Haplustox - These are a type of Oxisols, which are highly weathered tropical soils. They have a stable structure and do not typically form wide surface cracks, as they have low shrink-swell potential.
D. Kandiaquults - These are a type of Ultisols, which are typically found in humid temperate and tropical regions. They do not have the high shrink-swell capacity needed to form wide surface cracks.
E. Argiaquolls - These are a type of Mollisols, which are generally fertile and found in grassland ecosystems. They do not exhibit the shrink-swell behavior associated with wide surface cracks.
In summary, Calciusterts are the most likely to exhibit wide surface cracks during dry weather due to their high clay content and shrink-swell characteristics.