The answer is C: Barry Goldwater.
Explanation for each option:
A. Hubert Humphrey - Incorrect. Hubert Humphrey was a prominent Democratic politician who supported the welfare state and various social programs. He was known for his advocacy of civil rights and social justice, which does not align with the limited government stance.
B. Lyndon Johnson - Incorrect. Lyndon Johnson, also a Democrat, was the president who signed the Great Society programs into law, which expanded the welfare state significantly. His policies were aimed at reducing poverty and racial injustice, which contrasts with the limited government view.
C. Barry Goldwater - Correct. Barry Goldwater was a Republican senator known for his strong advocacy of limited government and opposition to the welfare state. He was also a staunch anti-communist, which aligns with the opposition to the Soviet Union and Communism.
D. John F. Kennedy - Incorrect. John F. Kennedy, a Democrat, supported various social programs and government interventions in the economy. While he was also an anti-communist, his support for government initiatives does not align with the limited government stance.