Questions: Pair of Functional Groups Similar IR Expected for: Differentiating IR Expected for: aldehyde carboxylic acid C=O stretch 1700 cm^-1 Very broad H-O stretch for acid only at 3600-2500 cm^-1 alcohol ether, both with 3 carbons alkane alkyne, both with 3 carbons alkane alcohol, both with 3 carbons ester ketone

Pair of Functional Groups Similar IR Expected for: Differentiating IR Expected for: aldehyde carboxylic acid C=O stretch 1700 cm^-1 Very broad H-O stretch for acid only at 3600-2500 cm^-1 alcohol ether, both with 3 carbons alkane alkyne, both with 3 carbons alkane alcohol, both with 3 carbons ester ketone

Solution

failed
failed

Solution Steps

Step 1: Identify Similar IR Features for Alcohol and Ether

Alcohols and ethers both contain C-O bonds, which typically show a C-O stretch in the IR spectrum. This stretch is usually observed around \(1050-1150 \, \text{cm}^{-1}\).

Step 2: Identify Differentiating IR Features for Alcohol and Ether

Alcohols have an O-H group, which shows a broad O-H stretch in the IR spectrum, typically observed around \(3200-3550 \, \text{cm}^{-1}\). Ethers do not have this feature.

Step 3: Identify Similar IR Features for Alkane and Alkyne

Both alkanes and alkynes contain C-H bonds, which show C-H stretching vibrations. For alkanes, this is typically observed around \(2850-2960 \, \text{cm}^{-1}\).

Step 4: Identify Differentiating IR Features for Alkane and Alkyne

Alkynes have a C≡C triple bond, which shows a sharp peak around \(2100-2260 \, \text{cm}^{-1}\). Alkanes do not have this feature.

Step 5: Identify Similar IR Features for Alkane and Alcohol

Both alkanes and alcohols contain C-H bonds, which show C-H stretching vibrations around \(2850-2960 \, \text{cm}^{-1}\).

Step 6: Identify Differentiating IR Features for Alkane and Alcohol

Alcohols have an O-H group, which shows a broad O-H stretch around \(3200-3550 \, \text{cm}^{-1}\). Alkanes do not have this feature.

Step 7: Identify Similar IR Features for Ester and Ketone

Both esters and ketones contain a C=O bond, which shows a C=O stretch in the IR spectrum. This stretch is typically observed around \(1700-1750 \, \text{cm}^{-1}\).

Step 8: Identify Differentiating IR Features for Ester and Ketone

Esters have an additional C-O stretch, which is typically observed around \(1050-1300 \, \text{cm}^{-1}\). Ketones do not have this feature.

Final Answer

  • Alcohol & Ether, both with 3 carbons:

    • Similar IR: C-O stretch @ \(1050-1150 \, \text{cm}^{-1}\)
    • Differentiating IR: Broad O-H stretch for alcohol only @ \(3200-3550 \, \text{cm}^{-1}\)
    • \(\boxed{\text{C-O stretch @ } 1050-1150 \, \text{cm}^{-1}, \text{Broad O-H stretch for alcohol only @ } 3200-3550 \, \text{cm}^{-1}}\)

  • Alkane & Alkyne, both with 3 carbons:

    • Similar IR: C-H stretch @ \(2850-2960 \, \text{cm}^{-1}\)
    • Differentiating IR: C≡C stretch for alkyne only @ \(2100-2260 \, \text{cm}^{-1}\)
    • \(\boxed{\text{C-H stretch @ } 2850-2960 \, \text{cm}^{-1}, \text{C≡C stretch for alkyne only @ } 2100-2260 \, \text{cm}^{-1}}\)

  • Alkane & Alcohol, both with 3 carbons:

    • Similar IR: C-H stretch @ \(2850-2960 \, \text{cm}^{-1}\)
    • Differentiating IR: Broad O-H stretch for alcohol only @ \(3200-3550 \, \text{cm}^{-1}\)
    • \(\boxed{\text{C-H stretch @ } 2850-2960 \, \text{cm}^{-1}, \text{Broad O-H stretch for alcohol only @ } 3200-3550 \, \text{cm}^{-1}}\)
Was this solution helpful?
failed
Unhelpful
failed
Helpful

Questions asked by other users

failedAnswered
For each source, identify if it is a primary, secondary, or tertiary source. * 6 points - Documentary: O, O, O - Interview with an eye witness: O - A textbook: - A book with multiple interviews: O - A presidential speech: O, O, O - An article that cites interviews: 0, O, O
failedAnswered
Consider the following frequency distribution table for a set of quiz scores: × f 56 45 35 23 12 How many individuals took the quiz?
failedAnswered
2.5.2 Test (CST): Computer-Scored Unit Test Question 23 of 25 The graph below shows how two different enzymes react with a substrate as the temperature increases. Enzyme A Enzyme B Based on the results, what conclusion can be drawn about the action of the enzymes as the temperature increases? A. Enzyme A becomes a better catalyst than B. B. Enzyme A changes faster than B. C. Enzyme A reacts with less substrate than B. D. Enzyme A uses up all the substrate faster than B.
failedAnswered
A manufacturer's cost of goods sold is based on its manufacturing costs incurred during the year. In contrast, a merchandiser's cost of goods sold is based on its merchandise purchases.
failedAnswered
The function (f) has a removable discontinuity at (c). Define (f(c)) so that (f) is continuous at (c). (f(x)=fracx^2+3 x-18x-3, quad c=3) (Give an exact answer. Use symbolic notation and fractions where needed.) (f(c)=)