Questions: Which molecules have the strongest intermolecular forces? BF3 H2S NH3 H2

Which molecules have the strongest intermolecular forces? BF3 H2S NH3 H2
Transcript text: Which molecules have the strongest intermolecular forces? BF3 H2S NH3 H2
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Solution

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Solution Steps

Step 1: Identify Types of Intermolecular Forces

To determine which molecule has the strongest intermolecular forces, we need to identify the types of intermolecular forces present in each molecule:

  • BF\(_3\): Boron trifluoride is a nonpolar molecule. The primary intermolecular force is London dispersion forces.
  • H\(_2\)S: Hydrogen sulfide is a polar molecule. It exhibits dipole-dipole interactions and London dispersion forces.
  • NH\(_3\): Ammonia is a polar molecule and can form hydrogen bonds due to the presence of nitrogen bonded to hydrogen. It also has dipole-dipole interactions and London dispersion forces.
  • H\(_2\): Hydrogen is a nonpolar molecule. The primary intermolecular force is London dispersion forces.
Step 2: Compare Strength of Intermolecular Forces

The strength of intermolecular forces can be ranked as follows:

  1. Hydrogen bonding (strongest)
  2. Dipole-dipole interactions
  3. London dispersion forces (weakest)
Step 3: Determine the Molecule with the Strongest Intermolecular Forces

Among the given molecules, NH\(_3\) (ammonia) is the only one capable of hydrogen bonding, which is the strongest type of intermolecular force. Therefore, NH\(_3\) has the strongest intermolecular forces among the listed molecules.

Final Answer

\(\boxed{\text{NH}_3}\)

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