Questions: A client presents at the clinic with an enlarged, swollen, hot, and red metatarsophalangeal joint and bursa of the great toe. What medical diagnosis would the nurse suspect? Hammer toe Pes planus Hallux valgus Gouty arthritis

A client presents at the clinic with an enlarged, swollen, hot, and red metatarsophalangeal joint and bursa of the great toe. What medical diagnosis would the nurse suspect? Hammer toe Pes planus Hallux valgus Gouty arthritis
Transcript text: A client presents at the clinic with an enlarged, swollen, hot, and red metatarsophalangeal joint and bursa of the great toe. What medical diagnosis would the nurse suspect? Hammer toe Pes planus Hallux valgus Gouty arthritis
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Solution

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The answer is the fourth one: Gouty arthritis.

Explanation for each option:

  1. Hammer toe: This condition involves a deformity of the toe where it is bent at the middle joint, resembling a hammer. It does not typically present with swelling, redness, or heat in the joint, which are signs of inflammation.

  2. Pes planus: Also known as flat feet, this condition is characterized by the flattening of the arch of the foot. It does not cause acute inflammation, swelling, or redness in the metatarsophalangeal joint.

  3. Hallux valgus: This condition, commonly known as a bunion, involves a lateral deviation of the great toe. While it can cause swelling and pain, it is not typically associated with acute redness and heat, which are more indicative of an inflammatory process.

  4. Gouty arthritis: This condition is caused by the deposition of uric acid crystals in the joint, leading to acute inflammation. The symptoms described—enlarged, swollen, hot, and red joint—are classic signs of a gout attack, particularly in the metatarsophalangeal joint of the great toe, which is a common site for gout.

In summary, the symptoms presented by the client are most consistent with gouty arthritis.

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