Questions: Identify the examples of the institutions of civilization and enlightenment that have made it possible to reduce aggression and violence throughout the world as identified by Pinker (2011). (Select all that apply.) - Weapon advancement - Economic trade - Government policing - Contact sport - Education - Justice

The answers are:

• Economic trade
• Government policing
• Education
• Justice

Weapon advancement is not typically considered an institution of civilization and enlightenment that reduces aggression and violence. While advancements in weaponry can act as a deterrent, they can also escalate conflicts and violence.

Economic trade is an institution that fosters interdependence among nations and groups, which can reduce the likelihood of conflict. Steven Pinker argues that trade creates mutual benefits and incentives for peaceful cooperation.

Government policing is an institution that enforces laws and maintains order, thereby reducing violence and aggression. Effective policing can deter criminal behavior and provide a sense of security.

Contact sport is not typically considered an institution of civilization and enlightenment that reduces aggression and violence. While it can provide an outlet for aggression, it does not fundamentally address the underlying causes of violence.

Education is a crucial institution that promotes enlightenment and reduces violence by fostering critical thinking, empathy, and understanding among individuals. Educated societies tend to have lower levels of violence.

Justice systems are fundamental institutions that uphold the rule of law and ensure that wrongdoers are held accountable. A fair and effective justice system can deter violence and provide a mechanism for resolving disputes peacefully.