Questions: System 1 and System 2 refer to two kinds of deliberation, two kinds of thinking, two kinds of groups in systems theory, two kinds of heuristics.

The answer is two kinds of thinking.

This option is incorrect. While System 1 and System 2 can be involved in deliberative processes, the terms specifically refer to types of thinking rather than deliberation itself.

This option is correct. The concepts of System 1 and System 2 were popularized by psychologist Daniel Kahneman in his book "Thinking, Fast and Slow." System 1 refers to fast, automatic, and intuitive thinking, while System 2 refers to slow, deliberate, and analytical thinking.

This option is incorrect. Systems theory deals with complex systems in nature, society, and science, but it does not categorize groups into System 1 and System 2.

This option is incorrect. Heuristics are mental shortcuts or rules of thumb that simplify decision-making, but System 1 and System 2 are broader categories of thinking processes rather than specific heuristics.