Questions: Which of the following is true of passive transport? Multiple Choice It requires a gradient It includes endocytosis It uses the cell wall It only moves water

The answer is the first one: It requires a gradient.

Explanation for each option:

• It requires a gradient: This is correct. Passive transport relies on the movement of molecules down their concentration gradient, from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, without the use of cellular energy (ATP).
• It includes endocytosis: This is incorrect. Endocytosis is a form of active transport where the cell engulfs materials using energy, which is not a characteristic of passive transport.
• It uses the cell wall: This is incorrect. Passive transport occurs across the cell membrane, not the cell wall. The cell wall is a rigid structure that provides support and protection, but it is not involved in the transport of molecules.
• It only moves water: This is incorrect. While passive transport includes the movement of water through osmosis, it also involves the movement of other molecules such as ions and small nonpolar molecules through diffusion and facilitated diffusion.

Summary: Passive transport requires a gradient, as it involves the movement of substances from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration without the use of energy.