The answer is C: a nave, aisles, and apse.
Explanation for each option:
A. A colonnade, façade, and pediment - This option describes architectural elements commonly associated with classical Greek and Roman architecture, not specifically with a Christian basilica. A colonnade is a row of columns, a façade is the front of a building, and a pediment is a triangular upper part of the front of a building in classical style.
B. A peristyle, podium, and cella - These terms are also related to classical architecture, particularly temples. A peristyle is a continuous porch formed by a row of columns surrounding the perimeter of a building or a courtyard, a podium is a raised platform, and a cella is the inner chamber of a temple.
C. A nave, aisles, and apse - This option correctly describes the typical layout of a Christian basilica. The nave is the central and principal part of a Christian church, extending from the entrance to the altar, with aisles on either side. The apse is a semicircular or polygonal termination or recess, typically at the eastern end of a church.
D. A baptistery, martyrium, and shrine - These are separate structures or elements that can be associated with Christian architecture but are not part of the basic plan of a basilica. A baptistery is a building or part of a church used for baptism, a martyrium is a church or shrine built over the grave of a martyr, and a shrine is a place regarded as holy because of its associations with a divinity or a sacred person or relic.