Questions: What is the primary conclusion John B. Watson's made after working with Little Albert? One can learn new behaviors by observing others. Learning can occur when a conditioned stimulus is paired with an unconditioned stimulus. Emotions can be a conditioned response. Behavior is motivated by the consequences we receive for the behavior: reinforcements and punishments.

The answer is: Emotions can be a conditioned response.

Explanation for each option:

1. One can learn new behaviors by observing others.
   This statement is related to observational learning or social learning theory, which is primarily associated with Albert Bandura, not John B. Watson. Therefore, this option is incorrect in the context of Watson's work with Little Albert.

2. Learning can occur when a conditioned stimulus is paired with an unconditioned stimulus.
   This statement describes the basic principle of classical conditioning, which was demonstrated by Ivan Pavlov. While Watson used this principle in his experiment with Little Albert, the primary conclusion he drew was more specific to emotions being conditioned, rather than just the general process of classical conditioning.

3. Emotions can be a conditioned response.
   This is the correct answer. John B. Watson's experiment with Little Albert demonstrated that emotional responses, such as fear, could be conditioned in humans. By pairing a neutral stimulus (a white rat) with an unconditioned stimulus (a loud noise), Watson was able to condition Little Albert to fear the rat, showing that emotions could be conditioned responses.

4. Behavior is motivated by the consequences we receive for the behavior: reinforcements and punishments.
   This statement is related to operant conditioning, a concept developed by B.F. Skinner. Watson's work with Little Albert focused on classical conditioning, not operant conditioning, making this option incorrect in this context.