Questions: In each of the following pairs of hydrocarbons, which one would you expect to have the higher boiling point? Part A pentane or butane

In each of the following pairs of hydrocarbons, which one would you expect to have the higher boiling point? Part A pentane or butane
Transcript text: In each of the following pairs of hydrocarbons, which one would you expect to have the higher boiling point? Part A pentane or butane
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Solution

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Solution Steps

Step 1: Identify the Hydrocarbons

The hydrocarbons in question are pentane and butane.

Step 2: Understand the Boiling Point Concept

The boiling point of a substance is the temperature at which its vapor pressure equals the external pressure. For hydrocarbons, the boiling point generally increases with molecular weight and chain length due to increased van der Waals forces.

Step 3: Compare Molecular Structures
  • Pentane: C\(_5\)H\(_{12}\), a straight-chain alkane with 5 carbon atoms.
  • Butane: C\(_4\)H\(_{10}\), a straight-chain alkane with 4 carbon atoms.
Step 4: Determine the Boiling Points

Pentane, having a longer carbon chain than butane, will have stronger van der Waals forces and thus a higher boiling point.

Final Answer

\(\boxed{\text{pentane}}\)

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