Questions: Which reaction is the opposite of photosynthesis? aerobic respiration anaerobic respiration Calvin cycle dark reaction

The answer is the first one: aerobic respiration.

Explanation for each option:

1. Aerobic respiration: This is the correct answer. Aerobic respiration is the process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy (ATP), carbon dioxide, and water. It is essentially the reverse of photosynthesis, where plants use carbon dioxide and water to produce glucose and oxygen.

2. Anaerobic respiration: This process also involves the breakdown of glucose to produce energy, but it occurs without oxygen and results in different byproducts, such as lactic acid or ethanol, depending on the organism. It is not the direct opposite of photosynthesis.

3. Calvin cycle: This is a part of the photosynthesis process, specifically the set of chemical reactions that take place in chloroplasts during the light-independent reactions. It is not the opposite of photosynthesis.

4. Dark reaction: This term is often used interchangeably with the Calvin cycle, referring to the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis. It is not the opposite of photosynthesis.

In summary, aerobic respiration is the process that most directly serves as the opposite of photosynthesis.