Questions: Camila is house training her new puppy Taffy. She gives Taffy a tasty treat each time the dog lets her know it needs to go out. She is demonstrating a) positive reinforcement. b) continuous reinforcement. c) negative reinforcement. d) partial reinforcement.

The answer is a) positive reinforcement.

Positive reinforcement involves providing a reward or positive stimulus after a desired behavior is exhibited, with the aim of increasing the likelihood of that behavior being repeated. In this scenario, Camila gives Taffy a tasty treat each time the puppy signals it needs to go out, which is a classic example of positive reinforcement. The treat serves as a reward for the desired behavior, encouraging Taffy to continue notifying Camila when it needs to go outside.

Continuous reinforcement refers to providing a reward every time a desired behavior occurs. While Camila is indeed giving a treat every time Taffy signals, the key aspect of the question is the type of reinforcement, which is positive reinforcement. Continuous reinforcement is more about the schedule of reinforcement rather than the type.

Negative reinforcement involves the removal of an unpleasant stimulus to increase the likelihood of a behavior being repeated. In this case, Camila is not removing an unpleasant stimulus; she is adding a pleasant one (the treat), so this option does not apply.

Partial reinforcement involves providing a reward only some of the time when the desired behavior occurs. Since Camila gives Taffy a treat every time it signals, this is not partial reinforcement.