Questions: The gas mileages (in miles per gallon) of 23 randomly selected sports cans are listed in the accompanying table. Assume the mileages are not normally distributed. Use the standard normal distribution or the t-distribution to construct a 99% confidence interval for the population mean. Justify your decision. If neither distribution can be used, explain why. Interpret the results. Let σ be the population standard deviation and let n be the sample size. Which distribution should be used to construct the confidence interval? A t-distribution should be used to construct the confidence interval, since - σ is unknown. - the population is not normally distributed and n ≥ 10. - σ is known and the population is not normally distributed. - σ is known and n<30. - σ is known and n ≥ 10. - σ is unknown and n<30. - σ is unknown and the population is not normally distributed. - the population is not normally distributed and n<30. - σ is unknown and n ≥ 10.

The gas mileages (in miles per gallon) of 23 randomly selected sports cans are listed in the accompanying table. Assume the mileages are not normally distributed. Use the standard normal distribution or the t-distribution to construct a 99% confidence interval for the population mean. Justify your decision. If neither distribution can be used, explain why. Interpret the results.

Let σ be the population standard deviation and let n be the sample size. Which distribution should be used to construct the confidence interval?

A t-distribution should be used to construct the confidence interval, since
- σ is unknown.
- the population is not normally distributed and n ≥ 10.
- σ is known and the population is not normally distributed.
- σ is known and n<30.
- σ is known and n ≥ 10.
- σ is unknown and n<30.
- σ is unknown and the population is not normally distributed.
- the population is not normally distributed and n<30.
- σ is unknown and n ≥ 10.
Transcript text: The gas mileages (in miles per gallon) of 23 randomly selected sports cans are listed in the accompanying table. Assume the mileages are not normally distributed. Use the standard normal distribution or the t-distribution to construct a $99 \%$ confidence interval for the population mean. Justify your decision. If neither distribution can be used, explain why. Interpret the results. Let $\sigma$ be the population standard deviation and let n be the sample size. Which distribution should be used to construct the confidence interval? A $t$-istribution should be used to construct the confidence interval, since - $\sigma$ is unknown. - the population is not normally distributed and $n \geq 10$. - $\sigma$ is known and the population is not normally distributed. - $\sigma$ is known and $n<30$. - $\sigma$ is known and $\mathrm{n} \geq 10$. - $\sigma$ is unknown and $n<30$. - $\sigma$ is unknown and the population is not normally distributed. - the population is not normally distributed and $n<30$. - $\sigma$ is unknown and $n \geq 10$.
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Solution

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Solution Steps

Step 1: Calculate Sample Mean and Standard Deviation

The sample mean (\( \bar{x} \)) and sample standard deviation (\( s \)) are calculated from the gas mileages of the 23 sports cars.

\[ \bar{x} = 20.9130 \] \[ s = 1.8069 \]

Step 2: Determine Sample Size

The sample size (\( n \)) is determined to be 23.

\[ n = 23 \]

Step 3: Choose the Appropriate Distribution

Since the population standard deviation (\( \sigma \)) is unknown and the sample size (\( n \)) is less than 30, the \( t \)-distribution is chosen to construct the confidence interval.

\[ \text{Distribution Choice: } t\text{-distribution, since } \sigma \text{ is unknown and } n < 30. \]

Step 4: Calculate the T Critical Value

The critical value (\( t^* \)) for a 99% confidence level with \( n-1 = 22 \) degrees of freedom is calculated.

\[ t^* = 2.8188 \]

Step 5: Calculate the Margin of Error

The margin of error (\( E \)) is calculated using the formula:

\[ E = t^* \times \frac{s}{\sqrt{n}} = 2.8188 \times \frac{1.8069}{\sqrt{23}} = 0.9705 \]

Step 6: Construct the Confidence Interval

The 99% confidence interval for the population mean is constructed using the sample mean and the margin of error:

\[ \text{Confidence Interval} = \left( \bar{x} - E, \bar{x} + E \right) = \left( 20.9130 - 0.9705, 20.9130 + 0.9705 \right) \]

\[ \text{Confidence Interval} = (19.9425, 21.8835) \]

Final Answer

The correct answer is A: \( t \)-distribution should be used to construct the confidence interval, since \( \sigma \) is unknown and \( n < 30 \).

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