Questions: Snoring has long been considered an irritating but benign habit. However, "even isolated snoring might not be harmless," according to new research reported in the Forbes article "Snoring: A New Tip-Off to Stroke" (Haiken). The American Academy of Head and Neck Surgery defines snoring as "what you hear as a result of a form of blockage that obstructs the flow of air through the mouth or nose. The blockage causes the tissues of the airway to vibrate and flap." However, it is not the vibration and flapping of airway tissues that makes Henry Ford Hospital researchers Robert Deeb, MD, and Karen Yaremchuk, MD, so concerned. "Snoring can reveal damage to the carotid arteries-the arteries that supply oxygen-rich blood to the brain." In their study, Deeb and Yaremchuk found that the damage to the carotid arteries could be due to the trauma and inflammation caused by the vibrations of snoring. Deeb said that snorers should seek treatment since they could be at risk for coronary artery diseases. Deeb said, "Patients need to seek treatment in the same way they would if they had sleep apnea, high blood pressure or other risk factors for cardiovascular disease." Early detection of cardiovascular disease indicated by snoring can lead people toward an earlier diagnosis and treatment of heart disease. Deeb said, "Snoring is generally regarded as a cosmetic issue by health insurance, requiring significant out-of-pocket expenses by patients. We're hoping to change that thinking so patients can get the early treatment they need, before more serious health issues arise" (Haiken). Sources: "Don't Ignore the Snore: Snoring May Be Early Sign of Future Health Risks." Science Daily, 24 Jan. 2013, www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/01/130124122741.htm; Haiken, Melanie. "Snoring: A New Tip-Off to Stroke and Heart Disease." Forbes, 28 Jan. 2013, www.forbes.com/sites/melaniehaiken/2013/01/28/snoring-is-a-tip-off-to-stroke-and-heart-disease-new-research-shows/#f5a21ea56c19.

To address the question, let's analyze the given text and the specific sentences mentioned:

1. Sentence (2): "However, 'even isolated snoring might not be harmless,' according to new research reported in the Forbes article 'Snoring: A New Tip-Off to Stroke' (Haiken)."

   • This sentence correctly uses a direct quotation from the Forbes article.

2. Sentence (3): "The American Academy of Head and Neck Surgery defines snoring as 'what you hear as a result of a form of blockage that obstructs the flow of air through the mouth or nose. The blockage causes the tissues of the airway to vibrate and flap.'"

   • This sentence also correctly uses a direct quotation from the American Academy of Head and Neck Surgery. The quotation marks are properly placed around the definition provided.

3. Sentence (5): "'Snoring can reveal damage to the carotid arteries-the arteries that supply oxygen-rich blood to the brain.'"

   • This sentence incorrectly punctuates a direct quotation. The correct punctuation should be: "Snoring can reveal damage to the carotid arteries—the arteries that supply oxygen-rich blood to the brain." The quotation marks should encompass the entire quoted sentence, and the em dash should be used correctly within the quotation.

4. Sentence (10): "Deeb said, 'Snoring is generally regarded as a cosmetic issue by health insurance, requiring significant out-of-pocket expenses by patients. We're hoping to change that thinking so patients can get the early treatment they need, before more serious health issues arise' (Haiken)."

   • This sentence repeats the introductory phrase to a direct quotation. The phrase "Deeb said" is used to introduce the quotation, which is correctly punctuated and attributed.

In summary:

• Sentence (2) is a correctly punctuated direct quotation.
• Sentence (3) is also a correctly punctuated direct quotation.
• Sentence (5) incorrectly punctuates a direct quotation and should be corrected.
• Sentence (10) repeats the introductory phrase to a direct quotation but is otherwise correctly punctuated.

By addressing these points, we ensure that the text adheres to proper quotation and punctuation standards.