Questions: Give the net ionic equation for the reaction (if any) that occurs when aqueous solutions of H2SO4 and KOH are mixed.
(A) H+(aq)+OH-(aq)+2 K+(aq)+SO42-(aq) → H2O(l)+K2SO4(s)
B) H22+(aq)+OH-(aq) → H2(OH)2(l)
C) H+(aq)+OH-(aq) → H2O(l)
D) 2 K+(aq)+SO42-(aq) → K2SO4(s)
E) No reaction occurs.
Transcript text: Give the net ionic equation for the reaction (if any) that occurs when aqueous solutions of $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}$ and KOH are mixed.
(A) $\mathrm{H}^{+}(a q)+\mathrm{OH}^{-}(a q)+2 \mathrm{~K}^{+}(a q)+\mathrm{SO}_{4}^{2 \cdot}(a q) \rightarrow \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l)+\mathrm{K}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}(s)$
B) $\mathrm{H}_{2}{ }^{2+}(a q)+\mathrm{OH}^{-}(a q) \rightarrow \mathrm{H}_{2}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}(l)$
C) $\mathrm{H}^{+}(a q)+\mathrm{OH}^{-}(a q) \rightarrow \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l)$
D) $2 \mathrm{~K}^{+}(a q)+\mathrm{SO}_{4}{ }^{2 \cdot}(a q) \rightarrow \mathrm{K}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}(s)$
E) No reaction occurs.
Solution
Solution Steps
Step 1: Identify the Reactants and Products
When aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid (\(\mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{SO}_4\)) and potassium hydroxide (\(\mathrm{KOH}\)) are mixed, they undergo a neutralization reaction. The products of this reaction are water (\(\mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O}\)) and potassium sulfate (\(\mathrm{K}_2\mathrm{SO}_4\)).
Step 2: Write the Balanced Molecular Equation
The balanced molecular equation for the reaction is:
\[
\mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{SO}_4(aq) + 2\mathrm{KOH}(aq) \rightarrow \mathrm{K}_2\mathrm{SO}_4(aq) + 2\mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O}(l)
\]
Step 3: Write the Complete Ionic Equation
In aqueous solutions, strong acids, strong bases, and soluble salts dissociate into their ions. The complete ionic equation is:
\[
2\mathrm{H}^+(aq) + \mathrm{SO}_4^{2-}(aq) + 2\mathrm{K}^+(aq) + 2\mathrm{OH}^-(aq) \rightarrow 2\mathrm{K}^+(aq) + \mathrm{SO}_4^{2-}(aq) + 2\mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O}(l)
\]
Step 4: Cancel Spectator Ions
Spectator ions are ions that appear on both sides of the equation and do not participate in the reaction. In this case, \(\mathrm{K}^+\) and \(\mathrm{SO}_4^{2-}\) are spectator ions. Removing them gives the net ionic equation.
Step 5: Write the Net Ionic Equation
The net ionic equation, which shows only the ions that participate in the reaction, is:
\[
\mathrm{H}^+(aq) + \mathrm{OH}^-(aq) \rightarrow \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O}(l)
\]
Final Answer
The net ionic equation for the reaction is:
\[
\boxed{\mathrm{H}^+(aq) + \mathrm{OH}^-(aq) \rightarrow \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O}(l)}
\]
Thus, the correct answer is C.