Questions: The names and chemical formulae of some chemical compounds are written in the first two columns of the table below. Each compound is soluble in water. Imagine that a few tenths of a mole of each compound is dissolved in a liter of water. Then, write down in the third column of the table the chemical formula of the major chemical species that will be present in this solution. For example, you know water itself will be present, so you can begin each list with the chemical formula for water (H2O). Note: "major" chemical species are those present in concentrations greater than 10^-6 mol / L. compound formula major species present when dissolved in water --------- methanol CH3OH propylene glycol C3H6(OH)2 glycerol C3H8O3

The names and chemical formulae of some chemical compounds are written in the first two columns of the table below. Each compound is soluble in water. Imagine that a few tenths of a mole of each compound is dissolved in a liter of water. Then, write down in the third column of the table the chemical formula of the major chemical species that will be present in this solution. For example, you know water itself will be present, so you can begin each list with the chemical formula for water (H2O). Note: "major" chemical species are those present in concentrations greater than 10^-6 mol / L. compound formula major species present when dissolved in water --------- methanol CH3OH propylene glycol C3H6(OH)2 glycerol C3H8O3
Transcript text: The names and chemical formulae of some chemical compounds are written in the first two columns of the table below. Each compound is soluble in water. Imagine that a few tenths of a mole of each compound is dissolved in a liter of water. Then, write down in the third column of the table the chemical formula of the major chemical species that will be present in this solution. For example, you know water itself will be present, so you can begin each list with the chemical formula for water $\left(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\right)$. Note: "major" chemical species are those present in concentrations greater than $10^{-6} \mathrm{~mol} / \mathrm{L}$. \begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|} \hline compound & formula & \begin{tabular}{c} major species present \\ when dissolved in water \end{tabular} \\ \hline methanol & $\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{OH}$ & $\square$ \\ \hline propylene glycol & $\mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{6}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}$ & $\square$ \\ \hline glycerol & $\mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{8} \mathrm{O}_{3}$ & $\square$ \\ \hline \end{tabular}
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Solution

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Solution Steps

Step 1: Identify the nature of the compounds

The compounds listed are methanol, propylene glycol, and glycerol. These are organic compounds that are soluble in water but do not ionize significantly. Therefore, they will primarily exist in their molecular form in solution.

Step 2: List the major species in water

Since the compounds do not ionize significantly, the major species present in the solution will be the water molecules and the dissolved organic molecules themselves.

Step 3: Write the chemical formulae of the major species

For each compound, the major species present in the solution will be:

  • Water (\(\mathrm{H_2O}\))
  • The compound itself in its molecular form

Final Answer

\[ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|} \hline \text{compound} & \text{formula} & \text{major species present when dissolved in water} \\ \hline \text{methanol} & \mathrm{CH_3OH} & \boxed{\mathrm{H_2O}, \mathrm{CH_3OH}} \\ \hline \text{propylene glycol} & \mathrm{C_3H_6(OH)_2} & \boxed{\mathrm{H_2O}, \mathrm{C_3H_6(OH)_2}} \\ \hline \text{glycerol} & \mathrm{C_3H_8O_3} & \boxed{\mathrm{H_2O}, \mathrm{C_3H_8O_3}} \\ \hline \end{array} \]

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