Questions: What is the likely cause for the difference in evaporation points of the compounds A and D? The molecules have different numbers of oxygen atoms. The molecules have different amounts of dispersion forces. The atoms have different types of bonds holding the molecule together. The molecules have different intermolecular forces

What is the likely cause for the difference in evaporation points of the compounds A and D?
The molecules have different numbers of oxygen atoms.
The molecules have different amounts of dispersion forces.
The atoms have different types of bonds holding the molecule together.
The molecules have different intermolecular forces

Transcript text: What is the likely cause for the difference in evaporation points of the compounds $A$ and $D$ ? The molecules have different numbers of oxygen atoms. The molecules have different amounts of dispersion forces. The atoms have different types of bonds holding the molecule together. The molecules have different intermolecular forces

Solution

Solution Steps

Step 1: Analyze the Data

The table provides information on the temperature change when four different compounds are exposed to room temperature air for over 2 minutes. The compounds have different types of intermolecular forces (IMFs).

Step 2: Identify the Intermolecular Forces

Compound A: Dispersion Forces (DF)
Compound B: Dispersion Forces (DF)
Compound C: Dispersion Forces (DF), Dipole-Dipole (DD)
Compound D: Dispersion Forces (DF), Dipole-Dipole (DD), Hydrogen Bonding (HB)

Step 3: Compare the Temperature Changes

Compound A: -12.5°C
Compound B: -9.2°C
Compound C: -7.6°C
Compound D: -4.8°C

Step 4: Determine the Likely Cause

The temperature change is related to the evaporation rate, which is influenced by the strength of the intermolecular forces. Stronger intermolecular forces result in a lower evaporation rate and thus a smaller temperature change.

Step 5: Evaluate the Options

Different numbers of oxygen atoms: Not provided in the data.
Different amounts of dispersion forces: All compounds have dispersion forces.
Different types of bonds holding the molecule together: Not relevant to the given data.
Different intermolecular forces: Compound A has only DF, while Compound D has DF, DD, and HB.